Control triggers first
Consistent sun and visible-light protection are central. Hormonal and medication factors may also matter.
Why laser is not automatically the answer
Some energy-based treatments can aggravate melasma in susceptible skin. Treatment selection should account for skin type, pigment history and prior responses.
Maintenance is realistic
Melasma often behaves as a chronic condition rather than something permanently cured by one procedure. A good plan focuses on control and maintenance.